Developing a support system to improve quality of life for erectile Research Paper

Developing a support system to improve quality of life for erectile dysfunction in prostatectomy - Research Paper Example The researcher states that one of the most inevitable aspects of the human life span is aging. What makes aging a great issue within the health community is that it brings with it numerous degenerative diseases and conditions. Some of these degenerative diseases include osteoarthritis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer’s disease, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, Huntington’s disease, heart diseases and numerous others. Sometimes, some degenerative diseases or conditions affect one gender more than the other. For example, females have to deal with menopause and all the complications such changes in the body bring about For males, one of the conditions most have to face is erectile dysfunction. Erectile dysfunction (ED) involves the inability to maintain, or even achieve, an erection that is adequate for satisfactory sexual intercourse. Although some temporary cases of erectile dysfunction have been documented in males, these can be attributed to factor s other than the degeneration of the human body. What is clinically relevant for healthcare providers as well as researchers is erectile dysfunction that involves a consistent failure to achieve and/or maintain erection which affects around half of all attempts at sexual intercourse. It is a common problem affecting men and thus impacting on the quality of life and their partners. This result into fear, loss of self esteem (self image), self confidence and depression. It has been estimated to affect more than 150 million men with only 20% of men seeking medical attention. (Aversa et al, 2004). In USA it affects between 20 to 30 million with risks of development being high with increasing age (Hellstrom et al, 2002). Numerous reasons have been provided for erectile dysfunction, including both psychological and physical factors. Psychological causes may involve stress, depression, relationship changes, low self-esteem, fatigue, performance anxiety, and numerous others (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2006). Although psychological causes are sometimes more common in temporary cases of erectile dysfunction, these factors can aggravate the dysfunction brought about by physical causes, especially among older males. On the other hand, physical reasons for erectile dysfunction include diminished testosterone levels, thyroid dysfunction, hyperprolactinemia, cardiovascular diseases, endocrine problems, and even the decrease in penile response to nitric oxide, the neurotransmitter responsible for the erection of the penis (LeMone, Burke, & Bauldoff, 2011). Another well-documented reason attributed to erectile dysfunction is prostatectomy. Prostatectomy involves the removal or resection of a portion of a prostate due to enlargement of the prostate or one of its lobes (Brunner, Smeltzer & Bare, 2010). Studies have established that one of the expected complications of prostatectomy, specifically radical prostatectomy, is erectile dysfunction. Such a complication is most attributed to the damage caused on nerves during the surgery involving the resection of the prostate. These damages can be attributed to actual physical trauma on the nerves involving penile erection, or to complications from the anesthetic used (Lewis, et al., 2011). Still, it must be acknowledged that almost all forms of prostatectomy, even those that aim to spare the nerves (i.e. laparoscopic and robot-assisted prostatectomy), lead to erectile dysfunction, although to varying degrees (Zippe, Nandipati, Agarwal, & Raina, 2006). Identifying problems The identified problems are lack of knowledge about the option treatments, emotional distress anxiety about performance, dissatisfaction, impaired self esteem which affect personal relationships, lack of support and understanding from other significant, spousal dissatisfaction and quality of life affected (Aversa et al, 200

Report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Report - Research Paper Example Now the products of the organization is broadly known and accepted as Pepsi in global market place. The organization has implemented strong brand and product extension strategy since 1965 in order to gain competitive advantages within the industry. The organization has able to achieve huge success and potential competitive advantages due to continuous improvement in the operation management process (Heizer, 2011). This report will compare the old and new operation management process of the organization and will determine the competitive advantages of the company. In addition to this, the report will analyze several facts in order to prove following thesis statement. Thesis Statement Constant innovation in operation management, and integration of technology, sustainability and cost reduction strategy helped Pepsi to become one of the leading organizations within food and beverage industry. Analysis PepsiCo is considered as one of the leading organizations in the global food and bevera ge industry. The organization always tries to ensure fairness and business ethics in each and every business operation process to achieve potential competitive advantages and develop global client base. The organization tries to take care of all stakeholders such as society, community; employees, shareholders, consumers and suppliers by maintain sustainability in the business operation process. ... Pepsi Cola Company achieved huge success initially through the implementation of business operation strategy. Unfortunately the organization went bankrupt in the year 1931. However, the brand redeveloped and repositioned later. The organization merged with Frito-Lay Inc. in the year 1965 and formed PepsiCo, Inc. The soft drinks of the organization are broadly known as Pepsi among the people in this world. The mission statement, corporate values and operation management processes have changed of the organization throughout these long operating years. Previously the organization was aiming on becoming one of the most profitable consumer products organization by maintain honesty, integrity and fairness in the business operation process. However, the organization changes its business value and aim quite slowly and steadily in order to address the critical changes in several external environmental factors. Recently the organization is focusing on several corporate social responsibility ac tivities, community engagement programmes in order to maintain its strong global brand image. Pepsi Cola Company used to follow three different steps in the operation process such as manufacturing of the soft drinks, transferring of the soft drink to the packaging house and storage of the soft drink products. The organization used to incorporate ingredients like flavour oil, kola nuts, vanilla beans and sweeteners as the major ingredients to manufacture soft drinks. This product got huge popularity among the people in this world. The organization always used to focus on the adoption and implementation of advanced technological processes and tools in the business operation processes in order to maintain efficiency in the business operation